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What Are Anxiety Disorders?People suffering from anxiety disorders have fears and worries that are out of proportion to a specific situation or, in the case of generalized anxiety disorder, they worry about a wide range of situations. They also struggle to manage these symptoms.The symptoms of anxiety disorders typically begin in the early years of childhood. The reason for this is not known however, genetics and life events could play a part.Signs and symptomsWhile everyone feels anxious at times constant anxiety and worry that is difficult to manage and interferes with daily life may be a sign of an anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorders include generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) as well as panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, specific phobias and post-traumatic stress disorder.GAD is characterized by overwhelming and uncontrollable anxiety. They may be unable to concentrate and be constantly worried about their health, money or their job. Panic disorder is characterised by intense, brief episodes of discomfort and fear that can happen without warning. Symptoms include chest pain or palpitations, breathing issues or dizziness. People with phobias experience a fear of certain things, situations or locations, such as spiders and public speaking, or enclosed spaces. OCD is characterised by repetitive, obsessive behaviors used to cope with anxiety and reduce the associated feelings of tension. Post-traumatic stress disorder is characterized by a difficulty in letting go of disturbing, frightening memories. This can lead to flashbacks and nightmares.The causes of anxiety disorders haven't been fully understood. However, they are likely to involve a combination factors. Some research suggests that a person's genetics and their environment are both crucial. For example, generalized anxiety disorder tends to run in families, and traumatic or stressful experiences during childhood can increase the likelihood of developing an anxiety disorder. People suffering from chronic medical conditions and those who use alcohol or other drugs are more likely to have an anxiety disorder.The positive side is that many anxiety disorders respond well to treatment. Talk therapy and medication can reduce the symptoms of anxiety disorder. Psychotherapy, like cognitive behavioral therapy, teaches people new ways of thinking and reacting that can help them feel less anxious. Anti-anxiety medications and beta-blockers used to treat high blood pressure can reduce physical symptoms like shaking or rapid heartbeat. A doctor can recommend the right medications and dosages for each individual. Early treatment can make the treatment of anxiety disorders less difficult.DiagnosisMany people experience anxiety at times, for instance, prior to giving a speech or taking an important test. However, if these feelings are unabated, inexplicably, and irrational, and interfere with everyday activities, it could be signs of anxiety disorder.A mental health professional can diagnose an anxiety disorder using criteria set out in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). They will ask about your symptoms, when they started and how long they've been present, whether they are getting worse, and how much they affect your daily life. They will also check for any other conditions that might cause similar symptoms, such as depression or a thyroid condition.Different anxiety disorders have various symptoms. Your doctor will determine which is causing your problems and create a treatment plan. This may include psychotherapy, medication, or both.Certain individuals are more at risk of developing anxiety disorders than other. This includes those who have a family history of anxiety or other mental health problems and children who are exposed to or witness traumatizing events, and those suffering from certain medical conditions like systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, or sleep apnea. Anxiety is more likely be accompanied by other mental or physiological illnesses, such as depression or cardiovascular disease.People suffering from anxiety disorders are often unable to admitting they have a problem and seek treatment. This can be due to stigmatization, lack of awareness that anxiety disorders are a treatable illness, or limited access to care.Anxiety disorders are challenging to treat, but with right support most people will improve. Talk with your doctor or therapist about what helps you cope and follow your treatment plan. Take your medication as prescribed and be sure to attend all therapy sessions. Avoid smoking and drinking since they can trigger anxiety symptoms. Open up to your family and friends and join a group of friends who have the same condition. This will help you manage and share your experiences with others. Include your loved family members in the process and break the cycle by spending more time doing activities you love, like sports or hobbies.TreatmentCertain types of anxiety conditions can be treated with psychotherapy, medication or other complementary health techniques. The medications used to treat anxiety include benzodiazepines and antidepressants. Some people may have to try a variety of different medications before they find one that works for them. Caffeine, certain over-the-counter and prescription drugs, illicit substances and herbal supplements can increase anxiety symptoms or interact with prescribed medications. Patients should always discuss any changes in their medication with a doctor.Treatment for anxiety disorders typically requires the use of therapy in conjunction with medication. Therapy can help you learn to cope with your symptoms and work towards changing your negative thoughts and beliefs that trigger anxiety. Therapy can also help you practice relaxing and stress-reduction techniques, such as deep relaxation of muscles, meditation, and breathing exercises.Treatment for anxiety can include cognitive behavioral therapy, which helps you learn new ways of thinking and acting to lessen anxiety. It may also include exposure therapy, which entails slowly confronting the things that trigger your anxiety. It can also include alternative approaches to health like acupuncture and mindfulness.If you are suffering with severe anxiety A doctor may prescribe a short-term course of benzodiazepines which work quickly to ease your symptoms. If you're experiencing suicidal thoughts, you must be evaluated in the emergency department.The medication may ease symptoms but they don't solve anxiety disorders. They are not able to eliminate the underlying cause and should be taken on a regular basis. Some of the most successful treatments for anxiety disorders include psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy, like exposure therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy.You can reduce the symptoms of anxiety by practicing regular exercise, avoiding unhealthy foods and drinking alcohol in moderation. A good night's sleep and staying away from smoking cigarettes can also help. Maintaining social connections is crucial to avoid feeling isolated and suffering from anxiety-related symptoms. You can search the ADAA Find-a Therapist database to find a therapy provider near you or visit BetterHelp, a service that connects clients with licensed therapists for as low as $49.PreventionHumans are programmed to feel anxiety and fear in certain circumstances. Our bodies train us to defend ourselves against or escape a threat. However, when these feelings linger and begin to interfere with daily life it is deemed to be an anxiety disorder. Anxiety symptoms are caused by many factors, such as stress, genetics, and trauma.Treatment is available to many patients suffering from anxiety disorders. The first step is to discuss your symptoms with your primary healthcare professional. Your doctor will assess your situation and recommend you to an expert in mental health when needed.Some of the most effective treatments for anxiety disorders are psychotherapy and medications. Talk therapy can help you understand how to manage your emotions and modify negative thought patterns that fuel your anxiety. Medications may help you reduce your symptoms and focus more on healthier behaviors. Antidepressants are among the medications used to treat anxiety. Beta blockers and benzodiazepines are other examples.Relaxation techniques, like meditation and deep breathing can also help to reduce anxiety. Avoiding substances that alter your mood, like caffeine, can help. Additionally, regular exercise can help reduce stress levels. Try to be more social or try a new activity when you're struggling to cope with your anxiety.It's important that you know that anxiety disorders usually begin in early adolescence or the beginning of childhood and are prevalent in families. Certain people who have gone through a difficult period in their lives, such as childhood abuse or severe loss, may be at greater risk of developing an anxiety disorder.The USPSTF recommends that adults including postpartum and pregnant women, be screened for anxiety disorders. The risk of developing anxiety disorders should be assessed on a case-by case basis, taking into account the individual risks and benefits. In the absence of any evidence on optimal screening frequency, clinicians are encouraged to make use of their judgment while assessing a person's risks, comorbidities and life events to determine whether further screening is necessary.