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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in KoreanCLKs' awareness and ability to tap into the benefits of relationships and learning-internal factors, were significant. For instance the RIs from TS and ZL both have cited their relationships with their local professors as an important reason for them to choose to avoid criticising an uncompromising professor (see the second example).This article examines all local research on Korean published until 2020. It focuses on key practical issues, including:Discourse Construction Tests (DCTs)The Discourse Completion Test (DCT) is a widely used instrument in the field of pragmatic research. It has many advantages but it also has a few disadvantages. For instance it is that the DCT is unable to account for cultural and personal variations in communication. The DCT can also be biased and lead to overgeneralizations. It should be carefully analyzed before being used for research or evaluation.Despite its limitations, the DCT can be a useful tool to study the relationship between prosody and information structure in non-native speakers. The ability to alter social variables relevant to the manner of speaking in two or more steps could be a strength. This feature can be used to study the role of prosody across cultural contexts.In the field of linguistics, the DCT has emerged as one of the most important instruments for analyzing learners' communication behaviors. It can be used to study numerous issues, like politeness, turn-taking, and the use of lexical terms. It can be used to evaluate phonological complexity in learners' speech.A recent study used the DCT to evaluate EFL students' refusal skills. Participants were given an array of scenarios and were asked to choose the appropriate response from the options provided. The authors found the DCT to be more efficient than other methods of refusal like videos or questionnaires. However, they cautioned that the DCT should be employed with caution and include other types of methods for collecting data.DCTs are usually designed with specific linguistic criteria in mind, like the content and the form. These criterion are intuitive and is based on the assumptions made by the test creators. They are not always precise and could misrepresent how ELF learners actually reject requests in real-world interactions. This issue requires more investigation into alternative methods of measuring refusal competence.A recent study has compared DCT responses to requests submitted by students via email with the responses gathered from an oral DCT. The results showed that the DCT encouraged more direct and traditionally indirect request forms, and a lesser use of hints than the email data did.Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs)This study examined Chinese learners' decisions regarding their use of Korean through a variety of tools that were tested, including Discourse Completion Tasks (DCTs) as well as metapragmatic questionnaires and Refusal Interviews (RIs). The participants were 46 CLKs of upper intermediate level who answered DCTs, MQs, and RIs. They were also asked to reflect on their evaluation and refusal performance in RIs. The results indicated that the CLKs were more likely to reject native Korean pragmatic norms, and their decisions were influenced by four primary factors that included their personalities, multilingual identities, their ongoing life histories, and relationship benefits. These findings have implications for pedagogy for L2 Korean assessment and teaching.First, the MQ data were analyzed to identify the participants' rational choices. The data was classified according to Ishihara (2010)'s definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, the choices were matched with their linguistic performance in DCTs to determine if they reflected pragmatic resistance or not. Interviewees also had to explain why they chose an atypical behavior in certain situations.The findings of the MQs and DCTs were then analyzed using descriptive statistics and z-tests. The CLKs were discovered to use euphemistic words like "sorry" or "thank you". This could be due to their lack experience with the target languages, leading to an inadequate understanding of the korean pragmatic norms. The results showed that the CLKs' preferences for either converging to L1 norms or departing from both L1 as well as L2 pragmatic norms varies according to the DCT situations. In the scenarios 3 and 12 CLKs preferred diverging from both L1pragmatic norms - and L2-pragmatic norms while in Situation 14, CLKs preferred convergence to L1 norms.The RIs revealed that CLKs were aware of their pragmatic resistance to each DCT situation. The RIs were conducted on a one-to-one basis within two days of participants having completed the MQs. The RIs were recorded and transcribing, and then coded by two coders from different companies. The code was re-coded repeatedly and involved the coders reading and discussing each transcript. The coding results were then evaluated against the original RI transcripts, which gave an indication of how the RIs captured the underlying pragmatic behaviors.Interviews for refusalOne of the major questions in pragmatic research is why learners are hesitant to adhere to native-speaker pragmatic norms. Recent research has attempted to answer this question by using a variety of experimental tools, including DCTs MQs and RIs. Participants comprised 46 CLKs and 44 CNSs from five Korean Universities. The participants were asked to complete the DCTs and MQs in their L1 or L2. Then, they were invited to a RI where they were asked consider their responses to the DCT situations.The results showed that on average, the CLKs rejected native-speaker pragmatic norms in over 40% of their answers. They did this despite the fact that they could produce patterns that resembled native speakers. They were also aware of their pragmatic resistance. They attributed their choice to learner-internal factors like their identities and personalities as well as multilingual identities. They also referred external factors, like relationship advantages. For instance, they outlined how their relationships with professors helped facilitate more relaxed performance in relation to the intercultural and linguistic rules of their university.However, the interviewees also expressed concern about the social pressures and consequences they could face if they flouted their social norms. They were worried that their local friends might consider them "foreigners" and think they are incompetent. This was a concern similar to the concerns voiced by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009).These results suggest that native-speaker practical norms are not the default preference of Korean learners. They could still be useful for official Korean proficiency testing. But it would be prudent for future researchers to reconsider their applicability in specific situations and in various cultural contexts. This will allow them to better understand how different cultural environments can affect the pragmatic behavior of students in the classroom and beyond. This will also aid educators improve their methods of teaching and testing Korean pragmatics. 프라그마틱 슬롯 조작 , principal advisor at Stratways Group in Seoul, is a geopolitical risks consultancy.Case StudiesThe case study method is a method that focuses on intensive, participant-centered research to study a specific subject. This method makes use of various sources of data like interviews, observations and documents, to prove its findings. This kind of research is ideal for studying specific or complex subjects that are difficult to quantify using other methods.In a case study the first step is to clearly define the subject and the objectives of the study. This will help determine which aspects of the subject matter are crucial for investigation and which ones can be omitted. It is also beneficial to read the literature on to the subject to gain a greater knowledge of the subject and to place the case study within a larger theoretical context.This study was based on an open source platform such as the KMMLU leaderboard [50], and its Korean-specific benchmarks, HyperCLOVA X and LDCC-Solar (figure 1 below). The results of the study showed that L2 Korean students were extremely susceptible to native models. They tended to choose wrong answer choices, which were literal interpretations. This was a deviance from accurate pragmatic inference. They also had a strong tendency to include their own text or "garbage" to their responses. This also lowered the quality of their answers.Furthermore, the participants of this case study were primarily L2 Korean learners who had attained level 4 on the Test of Proficiency in Korean (TOPIK) at the end of their third or second year of university and were aiming for level 6 for their next test. They were asked questions about their WTC/SPCC, pragmatic awareness, understanding knowledge of the world.Interviewees were presented with two scenarios which involved interactions with their counterparts and were asked to choose one of the strategies listed below to use when making a demand. The interviewees were asked to justify their choice. Most participants attributed their pragmatic opposition to their personality. 프라그마틱 무료체험 슬롯버프 for instance, claimed that she was difficult to approach and would not inquire about the health of her co-worker when they had a heavy work load despite the fact that she thought native Koreans would.